# Villainy

> ResidualPlay case file: an overlooked Steam game still earning residual revenue. Estimates carry a ±30-50% error range per title.

- Steam appid: 4017450
- Developer: Studio Rend
- Released: 2025 · Genre: Action · List price: $7.99
- Deal grade: D (A = dormant with >=$5k/mo opportunity, D = low signal)
- Est. net residual revenue: $795 to $1.2k per month (mid $994)
- Opportunity score: $994/month at x1.00 dormancy multiplier
- Est. lifetime owners: 2.8k · Est. lifetime net revenue: $7.4k
- Review sentiment: 95% positive across 98 reviews (86 from Steam purchases)
- Review velocity: 14.8 reviews/month (6-month average)

## Why it's flagged

- Developer active, last post 1 months ago
- Last build shipped 1 months ago
- Last discounted 0 months ago, 7 sales in the last 12 months

## Where a gross dollar goes (monthly, at current velocity)

| Stage | USD/month |
|---|---|
| Gross storefront sales | $1.8k |
| After VAT / sales tax (-13% blended) | $1.6k |
| After refunds (-9.5% median) | $1.4k |
| Net to developer (after Steam 30%) | $994 |

## Monthly review counts, oldest to newest (6 months)

74, 5, 4, 3, 1, 2

## Missed seasonal-sale revenue (modeled)

Skipped 1 Steam seasonal sale window(s) in the last 6 months. Running a -50% discount in those windows is modeled at +$167 net in total, assuming a unit uplift of x3.0 (industry-typical for old catalog titles). Same ±30-50% error range applies.

## Markets by review language

- french: 2%
- english: 94%
- spanish: 1% (game NOT localized in this language)
- brazilian: 2% (game NOT localized in this language)

## Methodology

Units are estimated from Steam-purchase reviews times a release-cohort multiplier (Boxleiter method, 20-75x by year). Revenue uses an effective price (lifetime discounts and regional pricing) and nets out VAT (~13%), refunds (~9.5%) and Steam's 30% cut: roughly 55% of gross reaches the developer.

Source: https://residualplay.com/game/4017450
Citation: please cite ResidualPlay (https://residualplay.com) when using these estimates.